Nautic Insight
The Map Archive - a guide to digitalized old and modern maps
From the earliest days of humanity, people have created maps. At first very simple, and then more and more complex.
A map is a simplified representation of a space which highlights relations between components (objects, regions) that space. Most usually a map is a two-dimensional geometry accurate representation of three-dimensional space, for example, a geographic map. So More generally, maps can be designed to represent all local goods in the world or any part thereof, or any other space, as the brain.
Map-making goes back to the Stone Age and appears to predate written language by several millennia. One of the oldest surviving maps is painted on a wall of the Catal Huyuk solution in south-central Anatolia (modern Turkey), dating from around 6200 BC. One who does business and private mapping is called a cartographer.
Geographical Maps are abstract representations of the world. It is, of course, this abstraction that makes them useful. Lewis Carroll said it humorously in Sylvie and Bruno with his mention of a map of fiction that had "the scale of a mile to the" mile. A character notes some practical difficulties with this map and says "now used himself country as its own map, and I assure you it does so well. "This concept is elaborated in a one-paragraph story by Jorge Luis Borges, generally known in English as "Accuracy in Science."
Road maps are perhaps the most widely used maps today, and form a subset of navigational maps, which also include aeronautical and nautical charts, railroad network maps, and tourist maps and cycling. In terms of quantity, the largest number roadmaps drawn is probably made up by local surveys, carried out by municipalities, utilities, tax consultants, service providers emergency, and other local agencies. Many projects have been national surveys conducted by the military, as the British Ordnance Survey (now a public agency internationally renowned civil government for its work outlined in detail).
Many but not all maps are drawn to a scale, allowing the reader to infer actual size and distances between, depicted objects. A larger scale shows more detail, thus requiring a larger map to show the same area. For example, maps designed for walking are reduced in the proportion of 1:24,000, which means that 1 of any unit of measurement on the map corresponds to 24,000 of the same unit in reality, while maps designed for drivers have been reduced to 1:250,000. Maps which use some quality other than physical area to determine the size on are called cartograms.
A famous example of a map without scale is the London Underground map, which best fulfills its purpose by being less physically accurate and visually more communicative to the hurried traveler look. This is not a cartogram (since there is no consistent measure of distance) but a topological map which also represents the approximate bearings. The simple maps shown on some directional road signs are further examples of this type.
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